LITERARY SPHERE

Major Cultural Studies Concepts for UGC NET – Meanings & Pioneers Major Cultural Studies Concepts for UGC NET Meanings & Key Pioneers This is a compact yet comprehensive, UGC-NET-oriented revision guide covering all major Cultural Studies concepts with brief meanings and their key pioneers. Concepts are grouped thematically to help in quick recall, match-the-following questions, and theory-based MCQs. “Culture is ordinary.” — Raymond Williams Culture, Ideology & Hegemony Culture (ordinary / whole way of life) – Culture includes everyday practices, meanings and lived experiences, not just elite art. Raymond Williams (against Matthew Arnold). High culture / Popular culture / Mass culture – Hierarchy between elite art and popular forms; later challenged by Cultural Studies. Arnold, F. R. Leavis ; critiqued by Williams, Hall . Ideology – Systems of ideas that naturalize power relations. Karl Marx ; developed by Louis Althusser...