📚 CHAPTER 5: TEACHING SUPPORT SYSTEM
1. WHAT IS TEACHING SUPPORT SYSTEM?
Definition: A Teaching Support System refers to all the tools, resources, materials, and technologies that assist teachers in delivering effective instruction and help learners acquire knowledge efficiently.
Components:
- Teaching Aids (Audio, Visual, Audio-Visual)
- Technology Tools (Hardware and Software)
- Digital Platforms (SWAYAM, MOOCs, LMS)
- Physical Infrastructure (Classrooms, Labs, Libraries)
- Human Resources (Teachers, Facilitators, Technical Staff)
Purpose: To make abstract concepts concrete, facilitate understanding, sustain attention, and improve retention of learning.
2. BENEFITS OF TEACHING AIDS
Cognitive Benefits:
- Concretization: Makes abstract concepts tangible and understandable
- Better Retention: Multi-sensory learning improves memory (Dale's Cone)
- Clarity: Complex ideas become simple through visualization
- Interest: Increases learner motivation and engagement
Instructional Benefits:
- Time Saving: Covers more content in less time
- Uniformity: Consistent message delivery to all learners
- Flexibility: Can be reused and adapted
- Accessibility: Reaches learners with different abilities
Classroom Benefits:
- Attention: Sustains learner focus longer
- Participation: Encourages active involvement
- Feedback: Immediate assessment possible
- Individual Differences: Caters to diverse learning styles
3. FACTORS INFLUENCING SELECTION OF TEACHING AIDS
- Educational Factors: Learning Objectives, Content Nature, Level of Learners, Teaching Method
- Technical Factors: Availability, Functionality, Compatibility, Portability
- Economic Factors: Cost, Durability, Reusability, Cost-effectiveness
- Environmental Factors: Classroom Size, Lighting/Acoustics, Infrastructure, Storage
4. EDGAR DALE'S CONE OF EXPERIENCE
Concept: Edgar Dale (1946) proposed that learners remember more when they learn through direct, concrete experiences rather than abstract verbal symbols.
The Cone Structure (Bottom = Most Retention, Top = Least Retention):
- Direct purposeful experiences (doing the real thing) — 90% retention
- Contrived experiences (simulations, models)
- Demonstrations
- Field trips
- Exhibits
- Educational television
- Motion pictures — approx 50% retention
- Visual symbols (pictures, diagrams)
- Verbal symbols (spoken/written words) — approx 10% retention
Key Principles: Cone is not rigid; base is concrete; top is abstract; multiple levels; all have uses.
Educational Implications: Use direct experience when possible; supplement verbal with visual; progress from concrete to abstract; combine sensory channels; avoid over-reliance on lecture.
5. TYPES OF TEACHING AIDS
A. BASED ON NATURE OF INTERACTION WITH LEARNERS
- Teacher-Centric: Traditional Blackboard, Flip Charts, OHP, Slide Projector, Epidiascope
- Learner-Centric: Flash Cards, Handouts, Programmed Learning Texts, Worksheets, Manipulatives
- Group-Centric: Bulletin Boards, Flannel Boards, Magnetic Boards, Peg Boards, Display Boards
B. BASED ON MODE OF PRESENTATION
- Audio Aids: Radio, Tape recorders, Language labs, Podcasts
- Visual Aids (Projected): Slide/Film/OHP/LCD projectors, Visualizers
- Visual Aids (Non-Projected): Chalkboards, Charts, Maps, Pictures, Posters, Flash cards, Models
- Audio-Visual Aids: Television, Educational films, Multimedia, Interactive whiteboards
- Activity Aids: Models, Specimens, Science kits, Field trips, Role-play, Simulations
6. OFFLINE AND ONLINE MODE OF TEACHING
Offline Mode (Traditional Face-to-Face): Physical presence, fixed time/place, direct interaction, physical aids. Advantages: immediate feedback, personal touch, discipline, non-verbal communication. Disadvantages: geographical limits, time constraints, less expert access.
Online Mode (E-Learning/Digital): Internet-based, anytime/anywhere, synchronous/asynchronous, digital content. Advantages: flexibility, global experts, self-paced, multimedia. Disadvantages: digital divide, lack of personal touch, screen fatigue.
Blended Learning: Combination of offline and online; flipped classroom model.
7. DIGITAL INITIATIVES (INDIA)
MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses): Online courses with massive enrollment, open access, multimedia, forums, automated assessment. Indian platforms: SWAYAM, NPTEL, IGNOU MOOCs.
🇮🇳 SWAYAM (Study Webs of Active Learning for Young Aspiring Minds)
Launch: 9th July 2017 by Ministry of Education (MHRD). Purpose: Free quality higher education content with credit transfer.
Features: Free access, credit transfer, quality content, Four Quadrants (Video lectures, e-content, self-assessment, discussion forum). Courses from school to PG.
National Coordinators: AICTE, UGC, NPTEL, CEC, NCERT, NIOS, IIMB, IGNOU. Contact: 18001219025 | support@swayam.gov.in
SWAYAM PRABHA: 34 educational TV channels broadcasting 24/7 educational content, reachable without internet via DTH.
| Initiative | Purpose | Key Feature |
|---|---|---|
| National Digital Library of India (NDLI) | Access to digital books, papers | 80+ lakh resources |
| e-Pathshala | NCERT textbooks digital | Free PDFs, audio, video |
| DIKSHA | School education platform | QR-coded Energized Textbooks |
| e-Vidya | TV channels + radio + digital | 12 TV channels for school |
| PM eVIDYA | Unified digital education (COVID) | Multi-mode access |
| NISHTHA | Teacher training | Integrated with DIKSHA |
| Virtual Labs | Remote access to labs | IIT Delhi initiative |
| Spoken Tutorial | IT skill development | IIT Bombay, FOSS-based |
8. TEACHING SOFTWARES
- Content Creation: Adobe Captivate, Articulate, PowerPoint, Prezi, Camtasia, Explain Everything
- Learning Management Systems (LMS): Moodle, Google Classroom, Canvas, Blackboard
- Assessment Software: Kahoot, Quizizz, Google Forms, Turnitin
- Collaboration Tools: Zoom/Teams, Padlet, Miro, Edmodo
- Subject-Specific: GeoGebra, PhET, Scratch, Tinkercad
9. LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (LMS)
Definition: Software for administration, documentation, tracking, reporting, and delivery of educational courses.
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
| Course Management | Create, organize, deliver content |
| User Management | Enroll students, assign roles, track progress |
| Assessment | Quizzes, assignments, grading, feedback |
| Communication | Announcements, forums, messaging |
| Analytics | Reports on attendance, performance |
| Content Library | Store and reuse materials |
| Certification | Issue certificates |
Key Features: Content management, mobile learning, gamification, social learning, integration, personalization, automation, accessibility.
Popular LMS: Moodle (open-source), Google Classroom (free), Canvas, Blackboard, Teachable, SWAYAM.
Benefits: Organized delivery, 24/7 access, cost reduction, scalability for teachers, students, and institutions.
10. QUICK REVISION FACTS
11. PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTION PATTERNS
| Question Type | Example |
|---|---|
| Dale's Cone levels | "Which is most concrete? (A) Verbal symbols (B) Direct experience" Ans: B |
| SWAYAM features | "SWAYAM has how many quadrants? (A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4" Ans: C |
| Teaching aid classification | "Which is audio-visual aid? (A) Radio (B) Chart (C) TV" Ans: C |
| Digital initiatives | "SWAYAM PRABHA is: (A) Online platform (B) TV channel (C) Mobile app" Ans: B |
| LMS functions | "LMS is used for: (A) Only content delivery (B) Complete course management" Ans: B |
Sample PYQ: According to Edgar Dale's Cone of Experience, which level provides the most effective learning? (A) Verbal symbols (B) Visual symbols (C) Demonstrations (D) Direct purposeful experiences ✓
SWAYAM platform was launched by: (A) UGC (B) MHRD (Ministry of Education) ✓ (C) NCERT (D) AICTE
12. IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Teaching Aid | Any device that helps teacher clarify subject matter |
| Audio-Visual Aid | Material that can be seen and heard simultaneously |
| Dale's Cone | Hierarchy of learning experiences from concrete to abstract |
| MOOC | Massive Open Online Course - free, unlimited enrollment |
| SWAYAM | Government platform for free online courses with credit transfer |
| LMS | Software for managing learning content and learners |
| Blended Learning | Combination of face-to-face and online instruction |
| SCORM | Technical standard for e-learning content interoperability |
| Credit Transfer | Accepting MOOC courses for academic credits |
✦ Best of luck! Focus on SWAYAM features, Dale's Cone levels, and LMS functions ✦
👉👉FIND THE OTHER TEACHING APTITUDE CHAPTERS HERE👈👈
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