Important Figures of Speeches worth delving into

Important Figures of Speeches worth delving into :

Metaphor:

 Definition: An implied comparison between two dissimilar things based on a shared, important characteristic.

Example: "All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players; They have their exits and their entrances;" (As You Like It)

Simile:

Definition: A comparison between two essentially dissimilar things, highlighting certain common qualities, typically using the words "as" or "like."

2. Example: "She walks in beauty, like the night Of cloudless climes and starry skies;"

Alliteration:

1. Definition: The repetition of consonant sounds in a phrase or line, creating a rhythmic effect.

2. Example: "She sells sea shells on the sea shore."

Irony:

Definition: The use of words opposite to the intended meaning.

Example:"I have been assured... a young healthy child... at a year old a most delicious, nourishing, and wholesome food..." (A Modest Proposal)

Forms of Irony: 

   - Situational Irony: When the opposite of the expected outcome occurs.

   - Verbal Irony: When spoken words convey the opposite meaning.

   - Dramatic Irony: The audience knows something the character doesn't.

Personification:

Definition: Assigning human qualities to inanimate objects or abstract ideas.

Example: "Mumbai is a city that never sleeps" or "Thine azure sister of the Spring shall blow" (Ode to the West Wind).

Hyperbole:

Definition: Exaggerated statements for emphasis.

Example: "The brightness of her cheek would shame those stars. As daylight doth a lamp..." (Romeo and Juliet)

Onomatopoeia:

Definition: Words imitating sounds associated with the object.

Example: "buzzing of the bees," "gushing of the river water," "the cat was meowing."

Allusion:

Definition: Indirect reference for quick understanding.

Example: "We have an Einstein in our class" or "They loiter around in the whole city like Romeos."

Paradox:

Definition: Contradictory statement or idea.

Example: "All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others" (Animal Farm) and "Less is more."

Oxymoron:

Definition: Placing contradictory words or ideas together.

Example: "This is seriously funny" or "O Loving Hate" (Romeo and Juliet).

Pun:

Definition:  Play on words.

Example: "My blood group is B-positive" or "I've been to the dentist so many times now that I know the drill."

Assonance:

Definition: Repetition of internal vowels in neighboring words.

Example: "Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers."

Apostrophe:

Definition: Addressing absent persons, things, or non-existent characters.

Example: "O, pardon me, thou bleeding piece of earth" (Julius Caesar).

Euphemism:

Definition: Substituting a milder term for something harsh or offensive.

Example: "He passed away."

Metonymy:

Definition: Substituting one closely associated word or phrase for another.

Examples: "Pen is mightier than sword" and "The Crown is still the constitutional head of the state in England."

Synecdoche:

Definition: Using a part to represent the whole.

Examples: "I will take the wheels for a spin" and "it took 2000 hands to complete the construction work."

Anaphora:

Definition: Repetition of the same word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses or sentences.

Example: "I came, I saw, I conquered" (Julius Caesar) and the opening lines of "A Tale of Two Cities."

Cataphora:

Definition: Earlier expressions or words referring to a subsequent expression, person, or thing.

Examples: "After he played cricket for 3 straight hours, Ram slept like a baby" and "If you want some, here’s some milk."

Litotes:

Definition: Using double negatives to express affirmation.

Examples: "She’s not dumb" and "You are not wrong."

Antaclasis:

Definition: Repetition of a word where its meaning changes.

Examples: "The judge doesn’t judge any criminals" and "If you aren’t fired with enthusiasm, you will be fired with enthusiasm."

Climax:

Definition: Arranging words, phrases, or clauses in ascending order of importance.

Example: "I came, I saw, I conquered" (Julius Caesar).

Anticlimax:

Definition: Words or statements descending in order of importance.

Example: "He Instagram bio says- ‘Proud mother, wife and lawyer’."

Chiasmus:

Definition: Reversal of two or more parts of a sentence.

Example: "We forget what we want to remember but we remember what we want to forget."

Understatement:

Definition: Describing something as less important or valuable than it actually is.

Examples: "It is a little warm in Tropical countries" and quotes from "Romeo and Juliet."

Dysphemism:

Definition:  Use of a harsher word instead of a milder one, intending to shock or offend.

Examples: Calling a “cigarette” a “cancer stick” and saying “He has gone cold.”

Ellipsis:

Definition: Using punctuation to indicate an omitted word or suggest a pause, often denoted by three dots (…).

Examples: "I know she deserved to win but…" and "It was the best of times…it was the winter of despair."

Merism:

Definition: Referring to a whole by combining contrasting parts.

Examples: "Flesh and bone" for the body and "left right and centre" suggesting the entirety of something.

Tautology:

Definition: Repetition of the same idea using different words.

Examples: "It is ditto same" and "Pardon, can you say that again?"

These figures of speech add depth and nuances to language, enhancing expression and emphasizing various aspects of communication.

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